What is Cementite?

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Or iron caride is an iron-carbon compound, or, more precisely, an intermediate transitional metal carbide having the molecular formula F3C. It weighs 6.67% and 93.3% respectively. It is a gray-white crystal powder with a relative density of 7.694. It is insoluble when dissolved in cold, hot, and dilute acid. But, it is soluble in hot concentrated hydrogen chloric acid to make mixtures with hydrogen, methane and other complex hydrocarbons. Do not react with dry oxygen. Iron oxide and carbon can be formed by oxidizing in moist air. It has an orthorhombic structure. It is a soft and fragile material and, in its natural form, is classified as ceramic. This is why it is an integral part of black metalurgisty.

What does Fe3C mean?
Fe3C, also known as iron carbide, is also known cementite.

How do you make cementite?
Primary cementite
When the liquid alloy of iron-carbon alloy (hypereutectic yellow cast iron), is cooled below the liquidus, the cementite precipitates.

Eutectic cemented cementite:
In the ledeburite structure, the point-strip cementite is evenly distributed on the austenite matrix.

Preeutectoid phase, cementite:
Alloys with hypoeutectoid/hypereutectoid composition are always precipitated with a decrease in temperature. This is the proeutectoid Phase. Because of the differences in forming conditions, proeutectoid morphology can be divided into three types, block, reticulate, and Widmanstatten structures.

Eutectoid cementite:
Eutectoid cementite refers to the cementite found in pearlite.

Secondary cementite
When iron-carbon alloys are slow cooled, such as hypoeutectic iron, hypoeutectic iron cast iron, and hypereutectic iron cast iron), the carbon content in austenite is saturated. The cementite will then precipitate along austenite’s grain boundary, with a network distribution in microstructure. This is secondary cementite, which is precipitated from austenite.

Tertiary cementedite:
The equilibrium cooling temperature of industrial pure iron falls below the solid solution line for carbon in iron (Fe – C equilibrium diagram PQ line). At this point, the solubility in carbon in ferrite becomes saturated and the temperature drops again. This causes the tertiary cemented to precipitate from the ferrite. Because of its small amount, the Tertiary Cementite is precipitated from the Ferrite grain boundary. It generally spreads intermittently along that boundary.


It refers only to those that exist outside of the mechanical mixture (structure), such a pearlite (eutectoid) or ledeburite.

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